PRESENT PERECT AND SIMPLE PAST

A.    PRESENT PERECT AND PAST SIMPLE

1.      Present Perfect

The present perfect simple expresses an action that is still going on or that stopped recently, but has an influence on the present. It puts emphasis on the result.

·         Puts emphasis on the result

Example: She has written five letters.

·         Action that is still going on

Example: School has not started yet.

·         Action that stopped recently

Example: She has cooked dinner.

·         Finished action that has an influence on the present

Example: I have lost my key.

·         Action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking

Example: I have never been to Australia.

2.      Simple Past

The simple past expresses an action in the past taking place once, never, several times. It can also be used for actions taking place one after another or in the middle of another action.

·         Action in the past taking place once, never or several times

Example: He visited his parents every weekend.

·         Action in the past taking place in the middle of another action

Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.

B. SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT

Subject Verb Agreement simply means the subject and verb must agree in number. This means both need to be singular or both need to be plural.

The example o Subject Verb Agreement :

1.  My cat always growls at the postal carrier.

2.  Basketballs roll across the floor.

3.  They don’t understand the assignment.

4.  These skirts are too small for me.

5.  Daniela doesn’t like vegetables

C. PRONOUNS, POSSESIVE ADJECTIVE & POSSESIVE PRONOUN

1.     Forms of Possessive Pronouns and Adjectives

Person	Pronoun	Adjective
1st singular	mine	my
2nd	yours	Your
3rd (female)	hers	Her
3rd (male)	his	His
3rd (neutral)	its	Its
1st plural	ours	Our
3rd plural	theirs	Their

2.     Using Possessive Pronouns and Adjectives

a.       A possessive pronoun is used instead of a noun:

Julie's car is red. Mine is blue.

b.      A possessive adjective is usually used to describe a noun, and it comes before it, like other adjectives:

My car is bigger than her car.